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KMID : 1143420210140171013
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Public Health Weekly Report
2021 Volume.14 No. 17 p.1013 ~ p.1022
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Monitoring of Malaria Vector Mosquitoes and Plasmodium vivax Infection in the Republic of Korea, 2020
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Kim Hyun-Ah
Shin Hyun-Il
Lee Hee-Il
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Abstract
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There are five human malaria parasites. Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax), one of the less virulent parasites, is a protozoal parasite and a human pathogen. P. vivax is indigenous malaria in the Republic of Korea (ROK). To investigate and monitor the density and protozoa infection rate of malaria vectors (Anopheles spp.), we operated black light traps at 51 sites in one metropolitan city(ie., Inchenon) and two provinces (Gyeonggi Province and Gangwon Province) from April to October 2020. Findings indicated tant, in 2020, the trap index (TI, No. of mosquitoes/trap/days) of malaria vector mosquitoes was 61, down 73.0% from the average year (2015-2019) and down 33.7% from 2019. Much like in 2019, in 2020, due to continuous precipitation in July and August, the highest density of mosquitoes was only TI (trap index) 6 in 30 weeks. The P. vivax infection of malaria vectors was first detected at 25 weeks, and 62 positive pools (49 pools in civilian areas, 13 pools in military districts) were detected after 38 weeks. The minimum infection rate for 51 sites was 4.3, with 3.7 infections in civilian areas and 9.8 in military areas, where the detection rate of P. vivax infected mosquitoes was higher than the number of collecting vectors. P. vivax infected mosquitoes were detected near the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) in 2019, whereas in 2020, they were also collected in areas a little further from the DMZ. This study concluded that infected mosquitoes migrated southward. Therefore, continuous monitoring and intensive control of anopheles mosquitoes is necessary to prevent the spread of malaria patients.
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KEYWORD
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Malaria vector mosquito, Plasmodium vivax, Monitoring, Density, High-risk region
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